Timeline

Every generation, it seems, must re-discover and re-define the art of color-music for itself. And rarely does there appear to be awareness that previous activity has occurred.

Kenneth Peacock

Additional information

1704	Newton	Isaac Newton, Opticks, Prop. VI Prob. II.
1725	Castel	Maarten Franssen; Hankins, 1994; Peacock 1988, pp. 399-401; Graves 1951, p. 411; Wagler 1974, p. 162; Popper 1968, p 156.
1789	Darwin	Erasmus Darwin, The Botanical Garden Part II The Loves of Plants, Interlude III, p. 140; Peacock 1988, p. 401.
1834	Cole	Cole’s diary entry; Noble 1964, p. 140-141.
1844	Jameson	Peacock 1988, p. 401′ Popper 1968, p. 157.
1869-73	Kastner	Peacock 1988, p. 397; Popper 1968, p. 157.
1877	Bishop	Peacock 1988, p. 401; Popper 1968, p. 157.
1893	Rimington	Peacock 1988, pp. 401-2; Kushner 1990, p. 105; Popper 1968, p. 157.
1894	Lind	Kargon 2011, p. 1.
1903	Michelson	Hankins, 1994, p. 155. Wagler 1974, p. 162; Birren 1961, p. 165.
1906	“Visual music”	John E. Bowlt 1986, p. 171; James M. Baker 2002, p. 71.
1909	Kandinsky	Holtzman 1994, p. 72.
1909	Shoenberg	Gerstner 1986, p. 165.
1912-13	Survage	Putnam 1929, pp. 112-129; Russett and Starr 1988, p. 35; MOMA’s Colored Rhythm: 59 Studies for the film.
1912	Hector	Peacock 1988, p. 403; State Library of New South Wales’ Alexander Burnett Hector page.
1915	Scriabin	Graves 1951 p. 411; Gerstner 1986, p. 165; Peacock 1985, pp. 402-3; James M. Baker, 2002, pp. 61-95.
1916	Russell	Kushner 1990, pp. 105-109.
1920	Rossine	Gerstner 1986, p. 165.
1921	Greenewalt	Amy Alexander’s Mary Hallock Greenewalt Visibility Project; Peacock 1988, p. 404.
1921	Ruttmann	Russett and Starr 1988, p.40; Duchting 1997, p. 40.
1921	Richter	deGuthmann 1974, p. 8; Holtzman 1994, p. 188; Von Hofacker in Foster [ed.] 1998, p. 256; Moritz “Restoring the aesthetics of early abstract films”.
1922	Rossine	Rossine’s Optiphonic Piano; Gerstner 1986, p. 165.
1922	Wilfred	Claire Voon’s Hyperallergic article; Malina 1974, p. 64; Pelligrino 1983, pp. 5-6; Peacock 1988, pp. 404-405.
1923	Hirshfeld-Mack	Peacock 1988, p.404; Duchting 1997, p. 40.
1924	Eggeling	Graves 1951, p. 413; Holtzman 1994, p. 188.
1924	Macdonald-Wright	Stanton Macdonald-Wright, 1924; South, 2001, pp.30-35.
1930	Fischinger	Russett and Starr 1988, p.57; Center for Visual Music’s Oskar Fischinger site.
1930	Moholy-Nagy	Moholy-Nagy 1970, p. 148; Harvard Museum Gallery Text.
1934	Greenewalt	See 1921 Greenewalt (above).
1934-35	Bute	Center for Visual Music’s Mary Ellen Bute site.
1939-40	Whitneys	Whitney 1980, p. 225
1946	Smith	The Harry Smith archives; Bill Mortz’s 2001 talk at the Getty’s Harry Smith Symposium; Igliori 1996, p. 30.
1952	Asimov	Isaac Asimov, Foundation and Empire, chapter 17.
1953	Pask	Pask, “A comment, a case history and a plan,” also in Reichardt 1971, pp. 76-99; Usman Haque’s description.
1955	Fischinger	U.S. Patent # 2,707,103; CVM’s Lumigraph page.
1955	Bass	Christian Annyas’ Saul Bass Title Sequences page.
1957	Belson	Center for Visual Music’s Jordan Belson Bibliography; Youngblood 1970, pp. 157-177; Igliori 1986, p. 269; Cindy Keefer’s SF Museum of Art post.
1958	Philips	Philips design; Pellegrino 1983, p. 12; Gerstner 1988, p. 167.
1968	Leonardo	Leonardo/ISAST
1968	Trumbull	Youngblood 1970, pp. 151-156.
1969	Macdonald-Wright	South 2001, p. 143. There is information about the CVM restoration of the filmstrips and their use in performance on their VMFilms page.
1969	WGBH	The video is available on vimeopro; James Nadeau’s MIT Comparative Media Studies Master’s Thesis; Girondo’s Lists of Films; Youngblood 1970, p. 306.
1970	Gerstner	Gerstner 1986, pp. 124-162.
1973	Cohen	Kurzweil CyberArt’s History of AARON; Holtzman 1994, pp. 179-188.
1974-79	Spiegel	Spiegel’s Retiary Ramblings and Graphical Groove: Memorium for a Visual Music System.
1980	Whitney	Whitney, Digital Harmony, 1980; Paul Prudence’s Dataisnature post.
1982	Kandinsky	Amanda Brown’s Guggenheim Archives entry; Gerstner 1986, p. 166.
1984	Stadnik	George Stadnik’s Photon Guitar page; George’s photonlightguitars site.
1985	Malinowski	Stephen’s Music Animation Machine site; the MAM Timeline.
1990	Evans	Evans 1990; Holtzman 1994, pp. 189-90.
1998	Twist	Basil Twist site.
1999	Cohen	US Coast Card’s Bindu Visualization of Music page.
1999	Cunningham	Open Ended Group’s Biped page.
2000	Collopy
2000	iota	Program notes.
2003	Rekveld	Joost Rekveld’s Sonic Light 2003 page.
2004	Collopy	Hue to pitch correspondences page; Mattis, p. 215; Collopy, 2009, pp. 63-65.
2004	Pompidou	Sons & Lumieres, Centre Pompidou, 2004.
2005	Hirshhorn	Visual Music, Brougher, et al., 2005; the films are described on the CVM VMFilms page.
2009-18	Hyde	Seeing Sound site.
2012	Fischinger	CVM’s Raumlichtkunst site.
2013	Turrell	Jillian Steinhauer’s Hyperallergic review Visions of Light at the Guggenheim.
2018	CVM	Center for Visual Music Symposium site.